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There is no snow on the equator apart from high altitude peaks like the Volcn Cayambe in Ecuador. Its main body is the National Electoral Council, which is based in the city of Quito, and consists of seven members of the political parties most voted, enjoying complete financial and administrative autonomy. The tropics account for 36 percent of Earth's landmass and are home to about a third of the world's people. The pipeline brought oil from the east side of the Andes to the coast, making Ecuador South America's second largest oil exporter. Its route starts in the south of Cuenca and ends in the north at the Parque Industrial neighbourhood. [127] Moreover, the Cauca region, throughout its long history, had very strong economic and cultural ties with the people of Ecuador. Encocados (dishes that contain a coconut sauce) are also very popular in the northern coast centering around the city of Esmeraldas. On the equator, the sun is directly overhead at noon on the spring and fall equinoxesaround March 21 and September . The Italian government came to be more interested in the emigration phenomenon in Ecuador because of the necessity of finding an outlet for the large number of immigrants who traditionally went to the United States but who could no longer enter this country because of the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 that restricted immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans as well as other "undesirables. In five months, New Granada defeated Ecuador due to the fact that the majority of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces were composed of rebellious angry unpaid veterans from Venezuela and Colombia that did not want to fight against their fellow countrymen. In 2015, corruption remains a problem. President and General Jos de La Mar, who was born in Ecuador, believing his opportunity had come to annex the District of Ecuador to Peru, personally, with a Peruvian force, invaded and occupied Guayaquil and a few cities in the Loja region of southern Ecuador on 28 November 1828. This important date was established by the Spaniards on 24 June, coincidentally the same date when Amerindian people celebrated their rituals of Inti Raymi. The Cayambe volcano near Quito, Ecuador, is the highest point along the equator; it regularly experiences snowfall. Today, the Anglo American Oilfields or Anglo American plc is the world's largest producer of platinum, with around 40% of world output, as well as being a major producer of diamonds, copper, nickel, iron ore and steelmaking coal. Various peoples had settled in the area of future Ecuador before the arrival of the Incas. Ecuador protested that it claimed the Amazon Basin between the Caqueta river and the Maraon-Amazon river. The length of the Equator is about 40,000 km (24,900 miles). They are predominantly of the Christian Catholic faith. It has 20.4 kilometers (12.7mi) and 27 stations. Then after a few meetings with the Colombian government's representatives an agreement was reached and the Muoz Vernaza-Suarez Treaty was signed 15 July 1916, in which Colombian rights to the Putumayo river were recognized as well as Ecuador's rights to the Napo river and the new border was a line that ran midpoint between those two rivers. Peru began its de facto occupation of disputed Amazonian territories, after it signed a secret 1851 peace treaty in favor of Brazil. The first scientific expedition to measure the circumference of Earth, led by Charles-Marie de La Condamine of France, was based in Ecuador. The section that lies above the equator is the Northern Hemisphere, while the section below the equator is the Southern Hemisphere. The antivirus program Checkprogram, banking protection system MdLock, and Core Banking Software Cobis are products of Ecuadorian development.[144]. This defeat led to the signing of the Treaty of Guayaquil dated 22 September 1829, whereby Peru and its Congress recognized Gran Colombian rights over Tumbes, Jaen, and Maynas. Consultado el 11 de enero de 2019. Ecuador and Peru came to an accord formalized in the Rio Protocol, signed on 29 January 1942, in favor of hemispheric unity against the Axis Powers in World War II favoring Peru with the territory they occupied at the time the war came to an end. There are reports of prisoners having died while in police custody. Legal representation is made by the Judicial Council. What are the countries above the equator? - Answers In the first half of 2012, twenty private TV or radio stations were closed down. Those nations are Brazil, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, Kenya, Republic of the Congo, Sao Tome and Principe, Somalia, and Uganda. You can also expect plenty of sunshine and warm temperatures. Where is the Equator? - WorldAtlas The top of Mount Chimborazo (6,268 m, or 20,560ft, above sea level), Ecuador's tallest mountain, is the most distant point from the center of the Earth on the Earth's surface because of the ellipsoid shape of the planet. The equator is one of five lines of latitude used to help people navigate the world. Ecuador adopted the United States dollar on 13 April 2000 as its national currency and on 11 September, the country eliminated the Ecuadorian sucre, in order to stabilize the country's economy. . However, the main road leading from Quito city center to the new airport will only be finished in late 2014, making current travelling from the airport to downtown Quito as long as two hours during rush hour. The tropics are regions of Earth that lie roughly in the middle of the globe.The tropics between the latitude lines of the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.The tropics include the Equator and parts of North America, South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. The country has two cities with UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Quito and Cuenca, as well as two natural UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Galapagos Islands and Sangay National Park in addition to one World Biosphere Reserve, such as the Cajas Massif. Colonel Richelieu Levoyer, Government Minister, proposed and implemented a Plan to return to the constitutional system through universal elections. The northern faction headed by Atahualpa marched south to Cuzco and massacred the royal family associated with his brother. The acting president's wife receives the title of First Lady of Ecuador. In the agricultural sector, Ecuador is a major exporter of bananas (first place worldwide in export[123]), flowers, and the seventh largest producer of cocoa. (Perez, M. (2019) Eat Like a Local Ecuador, CZYK Publishing, p. 24, Learn how and when to remove this template message, History of the EcuadorianPeruvian territorial dispute, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, oil exploitation of the Amazon rainforest, Jos Joaqun de Olmedo International Airport, List of Roman Catholic dioceses in Ecuador, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Equatorial Pacific Spanish or Equatorial Coastal Spanish, "Constitucin Poltica de la Repblica del Ecuador", "Poblacin del pas es joven y mestiza, dice censo del INEC Data from the national census 2010 (2011-09-02)", "Tratado de paz y amistad celebrado entre Espaa y la Repblica del Ecuador: en 16 de febrero de 1840", "World Economic Outlook Database, 30 November 2022", "Constitucin de la Repblica del Ecuador en Shuar", "Chicham atiakur metek atin turakur, pnke takakainiachu tuke enentaimtusartiniaitji", "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019", "Decade of Reform: Ecuador's Macroeconomic Policies, Institutional Changes, and Results", "South America Banks on Regional Strategy to Safeguard Quarter of Earth's Biodiversity", "Oficialmente Ecuador es el pas de las orqudeas- Noticias de Cuenca Azuay Ecuador Eltiempo de Cuenca", "Ecuador Adopts New Constitution With CELDF RIGHTS of NATURE Language", "The Prehistoric Culture of Ecuador: Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: The Valdivia and Machalilla Phases . The countries of Canada, Mexico, the United States, the Caribbean Islands, and the West Indies are a part of the continent of North America and are entirely placed in the Northern Hemisphere. After Ecuador's separation, the Department of Cauca voluntarily decided to unite itself with Ecuador due to instability in the central government of Bogota. Climate Change Worsened Global Inequality, Study Finds The White Ecuadorians (White Latin American) are a minority accounting for 6.1% of the population of Ecuador and can be found throughout all of Ecuador, primarily around the urban areas. [2], In the early years of World War II, Ecuador still admitted a certain number of immigrants, and in 1939, when several South American countries refused to accept 165 Jewish refugees from Germany aboard the ship Koenigstein, Ecuador granted them entry permits.[176]. Moreover, when the Incas tried to subdue them, these indigenous people withdrew to the interior and resorted to guerrilla tactics. The philosophy of the Ministry of Public Health is the social support and service to the most vulnerable population,[161] and its main plan of action lies around communitarian health and preventive medicine. [153][154], In the rural parts of Ecuador, Amerindian beliefs and Catholicism are sometimes syncretized. ", "Colombianos en Ecuador vuelven a casa tras terremoto "para empezar de nuevo", "Ms del 70% de los ecuatorianos que viven en Espaa quieren volver a su pas", "Entre lgrimas, 14 ecuatorianos dejan Espaa por la crisis y vuelven a su pas", "Cuenca Ecuador How The American Dream Moved South", "Central America and Caribbean:: PAPUA NEW GUINEA", "Yogurt Persa: De Ecuador a Argentina y Latinoamrica", "Toward a characterization of Ecuadorian ceviche: much more than shrimp", "Las esculturas de Teddy Cobea las favoritas del pblico", CIA Library Site: Chief of State and Cabinet Members, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecuador&oldid=1167518530, "Unemployment hit a record low of 4.1 percent at the end of last year. After Ecuador's separation from Colombia on 13 May 1830, its first President, General Juan Jos Flores, laid claim to the territory that had belonged to the Real Audiencia of Quito, also referred to as the Presidencia of Quito. Previously, President-elect Lasso finished second in the 2013 and 2017 presidential elections. [128] Industrial production is directed primarily to the domestic market. Despite the early repression and discrimination of the native people by the Spanish, Collahuazo learned to read and write in Castilian, but his work was written in Quechua. Most days in these nations also have a consistently equal length of daylight hours that is, the time between sunrise to sunset. Climate finance If You Want to Know a Country's Economic Future, Check How Far It Is From the Equator By Emily Barone May 4, 2022 1:13 PM EDT I t's no secret that global climate change hurts the. Because of its location at the equator, Ecuador experiences little variation in daylight hours during the course of a year. [177] Early impoverished migrants tended to work as independent sidewalk vendors, rather than as wage workers in agriculture or others' businesses. [18], One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world,[19][20] Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galpagos Islands. It has approximately 1640 kinds of birds. The equator is a line which is not real drawn around a sphere or planet, such as the Earth. Etymology. This is dependent on elevation and on the currents of nearby bodies of water. The electoral system functions by authorities which enter only every four years or when elections or referendums occur. It also required the government to respect the opinion of Indigenous peoples about different industrial projects on their land. During its negotiations with Brazil, Peru claimed Amazonian Basin territories up to Caqueta River in the north and toward the Andes Mountain range. These are Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, and Somalia. The negotiations turned into intense arguments during the next 7 months and finally on 29 September 1937, the Peruvian representatives decided to break off the negotiations. Roldos was immediately succeeded by Vice President Osvaldo Hurtado, who was followed in 1984 by Len Febres Cordero from the Social Christian Party. Moreover, to add legitimacy to his claims, on 16 February 1840, Flores signed a treaty with Spain, whereby Flores convinced Spain to officially recognize Ecuadorian independence and its sole rights to colonial titles over Spain's former colonial territory known anciently to Spain as the Kingdom and Presidency of Quito. People belonging to the confederations that gave them the most problems were deported to distant areas of Peru, Bolivia, and north Argentina. The distance around the Earth at the Equator, its circumference, is 40,075 kilometres (24,901 miles). Southern Hemisphere - Wikipedia The National Court of Justice is composed of 21 judges elected for a term of nine years. Hostilities erupted on 5 July 1941, when Peruvian forces crossed the Zarumilla river at several locations, testing the strength and resolve of the Ecuadorian border troops. Not in vain, Ecuador is considered one of the 17 countries where the planet's highest biodiversity is concentrated, being also the largest country with diversity per km2 in the world. These are elected by the Judicial Council on the basis of opposition proceedings and merits. [91], Ecuador is one of seventeen megadiverse countries in the world according to Conservation International,[19] and it has the most biodiversity per square kilometer of any nation. The latter is an emblematic dish of the city of Guayaquil. Noticias Espaa Los titulares de hoy", Ecuador GDP Grew 4.3 Percent Average Per Year From 2007 to 2012, "El Banco Central de Ecuador sita el crecimiento del 2008 en ms del 6%", Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) Tasa de Crecimiento Real (%), Banco Central del Ecuador Resumen de pib, "Ecuador Inflation rate (consumer prices) Economy", Ecuadorian Inflation Accelerated to Three-Year High in 2011, Comisin Econmica para Amrica Latina y el Caribe, CEPAL, Bases de Datos y Publicaciones Estadsticas "Tasa de desempleo", "New Paper Examines Ecuador's Success in Emerging from Economic Recession; Reducing Poverty and Unemployment Press Releases", "Ecuador first-half trade surplus rises to $390 mln Energy & Oil-Reuters", "Ecuador declares force majeure for oil exports, output due to erosion", "Ecuador Resumes Oil Exports From Amazon as Fields Resume Pumping", Ecuador: Evolucion de la Balanza Comercial, "Downloads Statistics Production-Related Documents", "Mapping for Results Ecuador, Latin America & Caribbean", Ecuador Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Ecuador, South American Community Nations Andean Community -CAN, "Profile: Mercosur Common Market of the South", "UNASUR (South American organization) Britannica Online Encyclopedia", "Ecuador says pays off last debt with IMF", Ecuador ocupa el puesto 96 en innovacin tecnolgica, "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? Ecuador during its long and turbulent history has lost most of its contested territories to each of its more powerful neighbors, such as Colombia in 1832 and 1916, Brazil in 1904 through a series of peaceful treaties, and Peru after a short war in which the Protocol of Rio de Janeiro was signed in 1942. [95] The protection of the nation's biodiversity is an explicit national priority as stated in the National Plan of "Buen Vivir", or good living, Objective 4, "Guarantee the rights of nature", Policy 1: "Sustainably conserve and manage the natural heritage, including its land and marine biodiversity, which is considered a strategic sector". In the early 1900s there was immigration from Italians, Germans, Portuguese, French, Britons, Irish and Greeks. Countries that are located on the equator have the shortest sunrises and sunsets in the world. [171], Provision of public schools falls far below the levels needed, and class sizes are often very large, and families of limited means often find it necessary to pay for education. In the highland region, various dishes of pork, chicken, and cuy (guinea pig)[191] are popular and are served with a variety of grains (especially rice and mote) or potatoes. Ecuadorian cuisine is diverse, varying with the altitude, associated agricultural conditions, and ethnic / racial communities. Larrea, Julio. Ecuador countered by labeling the Cedula of 1802 an ecclesiastical instrument, which had nothing to do with political borders. [citation needed] These include canned foods, liquor, jewelry, furniture, and more. [121], The overall trade balance for August 2012 was a surplus of almost $390 million for the first six months of 2012, a huge figure compared with that of 2007, which reached only $5.7 million; the surplus had risen by about $425 million compared to 2006. At the equator, the earths surface sits parallel to its rotational axis. The other two lines of latitude are the Arctic Circle and the Antarctic Circle, which are areas that can just barely see the center of the sun on the solstices. Part of Ecuador's population can speak Amerindian languages, in some cases as a second language. In February 2020, his visit to Washington was the first meeting between an Ecuadorian and U.S. president in 17 years. View States. The Amerindian people of Tigua, Ecuador, are also world-renowned for their traditional paintings.[202]. Despite its small size the country has a marked diversity in Spanish accents that vary widely among regions. It is governed as a democratic presidential republic. The jet stream is driven by the temperature difference between the poles and the equator. 13 Places to Go Along the Equator | The Discoverer It is one of the lines known as a line of latitude, or circle of latitude. Cotopaxi, just south of Quito, is one of the world's highest active volcanoes. Authorities argue that an estimated 350,000 to 400,000 Colombians live in Ecuador, porous borders and lack of formal registration disallow concrete numbers. At Earth's hottest spots, heat is testing the limits of human survival [190]. They do have seasonal changes in how much sunlight they receive (the sun is directly overhead on the equinoxes). The rest of Ecuador gained its independence after Antonio Jos de Sucre defeated the Spanish Royalist forces at the Battle of Pichincha, near Quito. The 11 countries traversed by the equator include So Tom and Prncipe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Indonesia, Ecuador, Colombia, and Brazil. As head of state and chief government official, he is responsible for public administration including the appointing of national coordinators, ministers, ministers of State and public servants. The Ecuadorian State consists of five branches of government: the Executive Branch, the Legislative Branch, the Judicial Branch, the Electoral Branch, and Transparency and Social Control. The civil society more and more insistently called for democratic elections. Judges and prosecutors that made decisions in favor of Correa in his lawsuits had received permanent posts, while others with better assessment grades had been rejected. [99] Additionally, oil exploitation of the Amazon rainforest has led to the release of billions of gallons of untreated wastes, gas, and crude oil into the environment,[100] contaminating ecosystems and causing detrimental health effects to Amerindian peoples. Seeing that his officers were rebelling, mutinying, and changing sides, President Flores had no option but to reluctantly make peace with New Granada. [131] It also serves on the World Trade Organization (WTO), in addition to the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), Corporacin Andina de Fomento (CAF) and other multilateral agencies. Countries That Lie on the Equator - ThoughtCo In 1978, the city of Quito and the Galpagos Islands were inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, making the first two properties in the world to become listed sites. What type of forest is found around the Equator? [70], According to HRW, Correa's government weakened the freedom of press and independence of the judicial system. A 1986 estimate from Lebanon's Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated 100,000 Lebanese descendants. Equator - National Geographic Society An equator divides the planet into a northern hemisphere and a southern hemisphere. [167] 23% of children under five are chronically malnourished. [166] However, some public hospitals are in poor condition and often lack necessary supplies to attend the high demand of patients. Ecuador - Wikipedia Ecuador's Amerindian communities are integrated into the mainstream culture to varying degrees,[188] but some may also practice their own native cultures, particularly the more remote Amerindian communities of the Amazon basin. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature, or ecosystem rights.[21]. There are exceptions. The 1930s and 1940s were marked by instability and emergence of populist politicians, such as five-time President Jos Mara Velasco Ibarra. This geographic, or terrestrial, Equator divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres and forms the imaginary reference line on Earth's surface from which latitude is reckoned; in other words, it is the line with 0 latitude. The Global South is a term that broadly comprises countries in the regions of Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia (without Israel, Japan, and South Korea), and Oceania (without Australia and New Zealand), according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The most famous imaginary line on Earth, the equator touches just three continents and passes through only 11 countries. The Pacific coastal area has a tropical climate with a severe rainy season. Later, a brief war erupted between Colombia and Peru, over Peru's claims to the Caquet region, which ended with Peru reluctantly signing the Salomon-Lozano Treaty on 24 March 1922. The first and most substantial wave of modern immigration to Ecuador consisted of Spanish colonists, following the arrival of Europeans in 1499. On 10 October, protesters overran the capital Quito causing the Government of Ecuador to relocate to Guayaquil,[53] but the government had plans to return to Quito. Each country blamed the other for the onset of hostilities, known as the Cenepa War. Unlike the rest of the earth's surface, the equator has only negligible changes in the length of the day. [115] In 2001, it was estimated at 40% of the population, while by 2011 the figure dropped to 17.4% of the total population. The trade balance with the United States, Chile, the European Union, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, and Mexico is positive. [149][150] The largest ethnic group (as of 2010[update]) is the Mestizos, who are mixed race people of Amerindian and European descent, typically from Spanish colonists, in some cases this term can also include Amerindians that are culturally more Spanish influenced, and constitute about 71% of the population (although including the Montubio, a term used for coastal Mestizo population, brings this up to about 79%). Quito's nickname, "Luz de Amrica" ("Light of America"), is based on its leading role in trying to secure an independent, local government. There are six countries where the Equator crosses Africa. As a result, Inca expansion into the Amazon Basin and the Pacific coast of Ecuador was hampered. The history behind the Inca drama "Ollantay", the oldest literary piece in existence for any Amerindian language in America,[196] shares some similarities with the work of Collahuazo. Rebeca, Ray and Sara, Kozameh. The executive branch includes 23 ministries. The classic paradigm of the Italian immigrant today was not that of the small trader from Liguria as it had been before; those who emigrated to Ecuador were professionals and technicians, employees and religious people from South-Central Italy. [69] People engaging in public protests against environmental and other issues are prosecuted for "terrorism and sabotage", which may lead to an eight-year prison sentence. Often, people believe that when flushing a toilet, water spins in different directions depending on which side of the hemisphere a person stands. Why Is There Such A Strong Correlation Between Geographic - Forbes Private hospitals and clinics are well equipped but still expensive for the majority of the population. In the south, Ecuador had de jure claims to a small piece of land beside the Pacific Ocean known as Tumbes which lay between the Zarumilla and Tumbes rivers. El Comercio. Overbilling is recorded in 20% of public establishments and in 80% of private establishments.